The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity tellurium by material containing tellurium, which takes the material containing tellurium as the raw material and prepares the high-purity tellurium through a chemical method. The material containing the tellurium is oxidized, leached in acid, decoppered and filtered to obtain crude tellurium; the crude tellurium is leached in acid solution under the action of oxidant and filtered to obtain the solution containing tellurium; a reducer is added into the solution containing tellurium to react and be heated and filtered; the reducer is added into the filtrate again to be heated, react and be filtered to obtain tellurium powder; under the action of the oxidant, the tellurium powder is dissolved in the acid solution and then added with the reducer to obtain refined tellurium; and at 200 to 800DEG C, the refined tellurium is treated by hydrogen to obtain the high-purity tellurium.