The invention relates to a method for reclaiming valuable elements through gradient chlorination of vanadium slag, which belongs to the technical field of chemical industry and is used for solving the problem of efficiently reclaiming multiple metal elements in the vanadium slag. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of proportioning raw materials, fractionating vanadium tetrachloride and vanadium oxytrichloride, fractionating ferric trichloride, fractionating titanium tetrachloride, chromium trichloride and silicon tetrachloride, collecting fractionation products, processing chlorination tailings and the like. By directly adopting the vanadium slag as the raw material in the method of the invention, the highly efficient and comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite resources is realized in one process; the valuable elements such as iron, vanadium, chromium, silicon, titanium and the like are enriched through gradient chlorination and selective separation,and the purifying process is relatively simple; closed circulation can be realized by using chlorine in the process and has no environmental pollution; and the whole flow is disengaged from an aqueous system, thereby water resources are saved, and meanwhile, the pollution of the traditional flow to the environment is avoided. The method of the invention has the advantages of short flow, high element yield, no pollution, high benefit and the like.