The invention discloses a powder medium diffusion reaction resistance soldering method of aluminum and aluminum alloy materials, which is applicable to soldering of aluminum and aluminum alloy materials. In the method, an aluminum base alloy powder medium or a zinc aluminum powder solder medium is used as a filling layer to improve contact resistance of the aluminum alloy materials difficult to solder at the initial stage of soldering, resistance heat is used as a soldering heat source, and partial melting of a material surface to be soldered and rapid melting of powder medium are generated at the same time under the action of the resistance heat so as to form the alloy solder. An oxidized film is broken to prompt the powder medium to produce eutectic reaction at the interface part of thematerial to be soldered under the impact action of proper electrode pressure, and eutectic is formed at the interface part by relying on the diffusion action among different metals so as to realize reliable material connection. The method can realize soldering at the atmospheric environment or the protective environment of the inert gas, and has strong flexibility and ideal engineering significance.