The invention discloses an understructure of a novel drilling machine base, which comprises a left substrate and a right substrate which are arranged in parallel; a front connecting frame is fixedly connected between fronts of the left substrate and the right substrate, a rear connecting frame is fixedly connected between rears of the left substrate and the right substrate, and stressed holes are formed at the symmetric positions on the middle parts of the left substrate and the right substrate respectively; the rears of the left substrate and the right substrate are fixedly connected with a winch frame; and the height of the top of the winch frame is equal to that of the tops of the left substrate and the right substrate, and the middle part of the winch frame is provided with a V-shaped opening. When a drilling machine completes the cluster well operation of a well and needs to move a certain distance, the understructure can be driven by the stressed lever to move forwards to a preset position simply by inserting a stressed lever into the stressed holes on the left substrate and the right substrate and allowing an arranged externally power device to drag the stressed lever through a pulley block and a steel wire rope without dismantling a derrick, a base and other parts, and thus the work efficiency of movement and transportation is improved greatly.