The invention discloses an impulse voltage generator with magnetic switches. The impulse voltage generator comprises N magnetic switches, N+1 primary capacitors and an N-stage coupled inductor pair. The coupled inductor pair is coupled by two inductors; the head and tail ends of the two coupled inductors are connected through the primary capacitors; and the magnetic switches are arranged between adjacent primary capacitors. Compared with the traditional spark gap, the magnetic switch has the advantages that: (1) the repetition frequency can reach several kilohertz and even higher, while the spark gap can only reach about one hundred hertz; (2) due to the absence of ablation, the service life is longer, and the system service life can be prolonged; and (3) the pulse width can be reduced.