The invention relates to an automatic and random sample split-charging device for cigarette inspection, which is characterized by comprising a blanking coding mechanism and a bag-taking packaging mechanism, wherein the bag-taking packaging mechanism is positioned below the blanking coding mechanism, and the blanking coding mechanism comprises a left hopper, a right hopper, a blanking passage, an electromagnet, a lifting plate, a photoelectric detector and a code sprayer nozzle, wherein the left hopper and the right hopper are used for containing samples, the blanking passage is positioned below the left hopper and the right hopper and comprises arc-shaped blanking plates at both sides, a front baffle plate and a rear baffle plate, and the electromagnet, the lifting plate and the photoelectric detector are arranged at the lower part of the blanking passage and controlled by a cylinder; and the bag-taking packaging mechanism comprises a left sucking disk, a right sucking disk, a sealingdevice and a sample bag box, wherein the left sucking disk and the right sucking disk are arranged on a platform, the sample bag box is arranged below the platform, the sucking disk at one side is controlled to rotate by a bag-taking motor through a sucking disk supporting arm, and the sucking disk at the other side is controlled to expand and shrink by a packaging cylinder. The invention overcomes the deficiencies of easily-occurring human errors, large labor intensity and low efficiency existing in the sample preparation process of three-point inspection of cigarette products in current industries and can realize the automation of sample composition scheme generation, cigarette combination, cigarette encoding and sample packaging.