The invention relates to a rescue device for a small-diameter deep well. A positioning device is connected with a rotation adjusting device and an X-direction adjusting device, the rotation adjusting device and the X-direction adjusting device are connected with a posture adjusting device and a Z-direction adjusting device, the posture adjusting device and the Z-direction adjusting device are respectively connected with a Y-direction adjusting device by a transmission link and a connecting pin, and both ends of the Y-direction adjusting device are provided with claw clamping mechanisms; and in the positioning device, a center bar is hinged with a plurality of support bars, a sliding bar is installed on the center bar in a sliding way, the sliding bar is respectively in slip connection with the support bars, and the sliding bar is connected with a wire rope. The rescue device for a small-diameter deep well has the advantages of adjustable clamping coverage and wide rescue range in the deep well rescue process. Besides, the retractility of the positioning device and the claws of the rescue device ensure that the rescue device is applicable to the rescue in multiple types of wells, thereby realizing the real-time control on rescue implementation and achieving high efficiency and high success rate.