The invention discloses a green fluorescent protein (GFP) membrane type expression vector and a method for sorting vector-transfected positive cells. The GFP membrane type expression vector comprises a multiple-cloning site, wherein a ribosome entry site and a GFP-encoded sequence are connected behind the multiple-cloning site in turn to form a transcription bicistron of the multiple-cloning siteand the GFP; a signal peptide-encoded sequence is inserted between the ribosome entry site and the GFP-encoded sequence; and a hydrophobic transmembrane region-encoded sequence is added in front of atermination codon of the GFP-encoded sequence. After the GFP membrane type expression vector cloned into a target gene is successfully transfected into the cell, a unique sorting label, namely membrane type GFP, is formed on the surface of the cell, and the sorting label is not formed if the transfection is not successful. By sorting magnetic bead-combined positive cells by using a magnetic field, the sorting step is simplified, so that the positive cells can be rapidly and effectively enriched, and the method is a technical means for efficiently sorting the transfected positive cells.