The invention relates to a piling process for building a sheet pile type wharf in shallow coastal water. The process comprises the following steps: 1) a propelled flat barge, a self-propelled flat barge and a pile-transporting barge anchor in a construction area where sheet piles are to piled, the barges are positioned; 2) two theodolites are used to position and measure a guide pile in a right angle intersection manner, a land crawler crane on each flat barge is used to pile three guide piles in turn; 3) each crawler crane is used to arranged a moving back plate to clamp the moving back plate with a guide beam; 4) a scow crane is used to to lift a sheet pile from the pile-transporting barge in a three-point manner and place the sheet pile near the side of a pile driver; and 5) the sheet pile is sleeved in a follower, the self-sinking of the sheet pile is performed, when the sheet pile is stable, the sheet pile is hammered to sink, the above steps are repeated until all the sheet piles are piled, and the construction is completed. By adopting the process, the construction difficulty of piling the sheet pile in shallow water can be solved better; and the workload for piling the auxiliary guide pile is reduced and the construction cost of the sheet pile is reduced, thus the piling process has great practical application value and promotion value.