The invention relates to a process for quickly breaking cell walls of Chinese wolfberry seeds and extracting seed oil. The process comprises the following steps of: (1) breaking the cell walls of the Chinese wolfberry seeds: crushing the cleaned and dried Chinese wolfberry seeds and filling into an extraction kettle; introducing CO2 into the extraction kettle; raising the pressure in the extraction kettle to the pressure of between 40 and 45MPa at normal temperature and keeping for 10 to 15 minutes; closing air inlet valves at the two ends of the extraction kettle; and reducing the pressure in the extraction kettle to atmospheric pressure in 1 to 5 minutes to obtain the wall-broken Chinese wolfberry seeds; and (2) filling the wall-broken Chinese wolfberry seeds obtained in the step (1) inthe extraction kettle; introducing the CO2 at the same time; extracting under a supercritical condition for 60 to 70 minutes; and performing two-stage separation under reduced pressure to obtain the Chinese wolfberry seed oil. The process is simple and environmentally-friendly and is low in cost; the extraction time can be greatly shortened, so the oil yield reaches the maximum value in a shortest time; and the process can be widely applied to advanced development and production preparation of various functional unsaturated fatty acid medicaments and health foods thereof.