The invention discloses a running state inspection method of a high voltage line. An inspection device which can travel on an aerial earth wire in a wireless remote control way can carry out video inspection by carrying a camera device. The running state inspection method comprises the steps of hanging lines, inspection and crossing obstacles. The method can overcome the defects of low precision, low efficiency, large labor intensity, dead zone existence, and the like in the traditional manual line inspection method; the way of crossing obstacles through the inspection device is simple and practical; compared with the way of crossing obstacles in the traditional inspection device, the method disclosed by the invention has strong obstacle crossing capacity and capability of crossing larger obstacles, such as towers, and the like; the continuous inspection to a section of longer line can be realized through one line hanging; and the method disclosed by the invention has important significant on guaranteeing safety running of power transmission lines and communication lines.