The invention discloses a tracking system for a battery box in a charging station of an electric automobile. The tracking system comprises a monitor center and multiple station-level monitor subsystems, wherein the monitor center comprises a monitor host computer, a database server and an alarm; and each station-level monitor subsystem comprises four layers, namely a monitor layer, a network layer, a data acquisition layer and a terminal layer, wherein the monitor layer comprises a monitor computer which is connected with the monitor center through a special electric power network, the network layer comprises a Zigbee master control module, one or more Zigbee routing modules and one or more Zigbee terminal modules, the data acquisition layer comprises an RFID (radio frequency identification) reader which is used for acquiring the RFID information of the battery box and transmitting the information to a Zigbee network, and the terminal layer comprises the battery box and an RFID tag. According to the system, by the RFID technology and the Zigbee network, the battery box of the electric automobile is effectively tracked and managed, thus the effective maintenance of the battery and the safe operation of the electric automobile are ensured.