The invention relates to a resistance-increasing yielding anchor rod, which comprises a rod body. A resistance-increasing yielding mechanism capable of sliding relatively is sleeved outside one end of the rod body, outer threads are arranged at the end of the resistance-increasing yielding mechanism far away from the rod body, and nuts of a tray and a limiting tray are arranged outside parts of the outer threads and connected with the resistance-increasing yielding mechanism through the threads. The resistance-increasing yielding anchor rod can be subject to stretching and prolonging when roadway surrounding rocks deform, and gradually-increasing work resistance is provided for the roadway surrounding rocks along with the prolonging of the anchor rod. Therefore, the resistance-increasing yielding anchor rod can still have good supporting-protecting effects so as to ensure stable roadways under the condition that the surrounding rocks deform largely.