The invention provides a drill rod and a rotary drilling rig. The drill rod comprises a core rod and a plurality of node rods which are sheathed outside the core rod in sequence, wherein each node rod is provided with an outer key bar part and an inner key bar part, at least one node rod is provided with a key bar installing hole, a key bar is embedded in the key bar installing hole, a part of the key bar, which protrudes out of the outer wall of a corresponding node rod, forms an outer key bar part of the node rod, and a part of the key bar, which protrudes out of the inner wall of a corresponding node rod, forms an inner key bar part of the node rod. According to the technical scheme of the drill rod and the rotary drilling rig, the key bar can be hinged with the node rod stably and reliably, so that the drill rod can deliver large torsion and pressure. The rotary drilling rig can be applied on the drill rod.