The invention provides a piezoelectric vibration element, a piezoelectric vibrator, a piezoelectric oscillator, and an electronic device, wherein the piezoelectric vibration element is not combined with a contour vibration mode such as a bending vibration mode and has a mesa-type structure with low CI. The piezoelectric vibration element (100) includes: a piezoelectric substrate (10); excitation electrodes (20) that are arranged so as to face each other on both principal faces of the piezoelectric substrate; drawn-out electrodes (22); and pads (24). The piezoelectric substrate (10) includes an excitation portion (14) that is located at the center and a peripheral portion (12) that is thin-walled and is disposed on a peripheral edge thereof. Two side faces of the excitation portion (14) that face each other are planes having no level difference, and the other two side faces of the excitation portion (14) that face each other have level difference portions in a thickness direction. Support areas (26) that fix the piezoelectric substrate (10) to a support member are included at positions of the piezoelectric substrate (10) corresponding to the pads (24) of the corner portions. The excitation electrodes (20) are formed over the excitation portion (14) and a vibration area that is at least a part of the peripheral portion (12).