A bridge inspection and evaluation system based on a mobile terminal comprises the mobile terminal, an input subsystem, a bridge technique condition evaluation subsystem, a bridge technique condition inquiry subsystem and a bridge inspection report automatic generation subsystem, wherein the mobile terminal is used for inputting and checking information; the input subsystem is used for inputting the content required by the bridge inspection and evaluation by a user; the bridge technique condition evaluation subsystem is used for performing technical evaluation of the bridge condition according to the bridge inspection information input by the user; the bridge technique condition inquiry subsystem is used for inquiring and modifying the bridge condition information input by the input subsystem by the user; and the bridge inspection report automatic generation subsystem is used for automatically generating a bridge inspection report according to the bridge condition evaluated by the bridge technique condition evaluation subsystem. Due to the adoption of the system provided by the invention, the mobile terminal is used to realize the inspection and evaluation of the bridge technique condition at a simplified process and saved time.