The invention discloses a Duchesnea indica Focke-containing plant source mosquito larvae killing agent, the prepared plant source mosquito larvae killing agent is prepared by taking Duchesnea indica stem leaf fine powder or a Duchesnea indica extract as a main component and adding an auxiliary agent, the preparation form can be a soluble liquid formulation, a wettable powder, a water dispersion granule, a particulate agent, a micron emulsion or an emulsion in water. According to the invention, the Duchesnea indica Focke-containing plant source mosquito larvae killing agent has substantial drug effect, an active compound is a naturally existed substance, the inherent energy and circulated and metabolic pathway of substances during a long evolutionary process can be formed, no residue is existed after application, biological enrichment can not be generated; the agent is relatively safe to a non target biophase; and the present invention is not easy to generate pesticide resistance. The agent of the invention is suitable for sensitive areas of indoor and outdoor mosquito places, drinking water treatment and the like.