The invention discloses a novel vertical tube moving bed continuous pyrolysis apparatus for biomass. The apparatus mainly comprises a combustion heating furnace, a pyrolysis heat supply flue, a vertical tube pyrolysis moving bed, a coke air-cooling pipe, a rotary feed valve, a rotary discharge valve, a discharging packing auger, etc. According to the invention, high temperature flue gas is used to scour rows of pyrolysis vertical tubes in the moving bed to reinforce the effect of heat transfer from an external heat source to pyrolysis equipment, and biomass raw materials successively undergo thermal decomposition in the pyrolysis tubes with a great length-diameter ratio; heat released in cooling of coke is utilized for preheating of heating air, which enables energy to be fully utilized; and through adjustment by the rotary feed valve and the rotary discharge valve and gravity of materials, continuous production in the process of pyrolysis is realized.