The invention discloses a micropore rapid detection method based on luminous flux and a device; according to the method, a current measured value corresponding to luminous flux passing through a micropore to be measured is compared with a current standard value corresponding to luminous flux passing through a standard micropore to determine the quality of the micropore to be measured; high-efficient and accurate measurement of geometrical parameters of the micropore is realized, and actual demand for micropore rapid detection in the industrial field is effectively solved. The disadvantage is solved that when traditional micropore measurement is performed based on microscopic image technology, measurement results can not comprehensively reflect the geometrical morphologic characteristics of a long and thin micropore within an action length range due to the limitation of the depth of field of the optical system. The method and the device of the invention can effectively determine whether dirt or burr exists on the micropore inner wall, whether the micropore dimension is out of tolerance, whether the micropore is worn, and the like.