The invention discloses a power adjustment method for a hybrid energy storage photovoltaic power station. In the operating process of the photovoltaic power station, voltage of a direct current bus of the photovoltaic power station and voltages of a super capacitor group and a lithium battery group which are connected with the direct current bus respectively through two bidirectional direct current/direct current (DC/DC) controllers are detected in real time, active power output of a photovoltaic power supply is detected in real time, and meanwhile power output values of the super capacitor group and the lithium battery group for fulfilling an electric energy quality adjustment and control aim of the photovoltaic power station or finishing a scheduling task are quickly calculated; and running states of the two bidirectional DC/DC controllers are controlled according to a calculation result, and thus a charging process and a discharging process of the super capacitor group and the lithium battery group can be controlled. By the method, the advantage of high energy density of a lithium battery and the advantages of long circulation service life and high power density of a super capacitor are given a full play, the problems of low electric energy quality and difficulty in participation in power grid scheduling which are caused by grid-connected running of the photovoltaic power station can be solved; and popularization and application of the photovoltaic power station are facilitated.