The invention discloses a method for testing the rut resistance of multi-layered combined structure mixtures of bituminous pavements. The method utilizes a multi-layered combined structure bitumen mixture rut test mold to mold a rut test specimen in a layered mode, and then utilizes an improved conventional domestic rut instrument to carry out a rut test. According to a relation curve between rut depth and test wheel running time, the rut resistance of a bituminous pavement combined structure is evaluated. The method overcomes the defect that the conventional rut test can only evaluate the high-temperature performance of single-layered fixed-thickness bitumen mixtures and cannot evaluate and analyze the high-temperature performance of bitumen mixtures with different thicknesses and structural combinations, can carry out multi-layered combined structural bitumen mixture rut tests and accurately evaluate the influence of combined structures on the rut resistance of bituminous pavements under the action of vehicle load, and has important practical significance in perfecting the bituminous pavement test and design method of China.