The invention relates to an unmanned pollution gas monitoring system, which is technically characterized by comprising a data acquisition control module, gas detection equipment, a vehicle-mounted global position system (GPS), a storage device and an on-vehicle wireless transmission module which are arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and a workstation and a ground wireless transmission module which are arranged on the ground, wherein the data acquisition control module is connected with the gas detection equipment, the vehicle-mounted GPS, the storage device and the on-vehicle wireless transmission module respectively; the on-vehicle wireless transmission module is connected with the ground wireless transmission module through a 2.4G wireless communication network so as to realize the wireless data transmission function; and the ground workstation is connected with the ground wireless transmission module and is used for receiving the transmitted GPS data and gas detection data on the unmanned aerial vehicle and analyzing and processing the data. The unmanned pollution gas monitoring system is reasonable in design and has the advantages of realizing the function of rapidly, comprehensively and accurately monitoring an environment-friendly monitoring area and improving the monitoring efficiency and monitoring real-time property and intuitiveness.