The invention relates to a vacuum electro-osmotic drainage method for reinforcing dredged silt soil and a panel sliding machine for the vacuum electro-osmotic drainage method, and is suitable for large-area sea land reclaiming and low-lying land filling engineering. The method comprises the following technical steps of (1) embedding anodes; (2) dredging; (3) punching drainage panels on a silt surface, wherein the panel sliding machine can travel on the silt surface, move left and right, punch the drainage panels, and the like, and the punching depth of the drainage panels is 7m to 8m; (4) paving a weaving fabric; (5) paving cathodes, wherein the cathodes are respectively made of EKG (electro-kinetic geosynthetics) material to form a perforated filter tube shape, and then the cathodes can replace part of horizontal drainage branch pipes; and (6) paving vacuum films, and carrying out vacuum punching and electro-osmotic treatment. The method has the advantages that the cathodes and the anodes are arranged at the middle part, the upper part and the lower part of a soil layer in the electro-osmotic process, the drainage panels are punched by the panel sliding machine, and the vacuum precompression, the electro-osmotic treatment and the water covering precompression are combined together, so the advantages are complemented; and the method is especially suitable for the newly dredged soil with small permeability coefficients, the treatment work period is greatly shortened, and the treatment effect is improved.