An embodiment of the invention provides a data control method and a system based on traffic volume measurement, and aims at solving the problem that network requirements of special users cannot be satisfied when networks are busy. The method includes determining whether each newly accessed user is a special user according to a preset special user list; if yes, detecting service types and resource type; controlling a radio network controller (RNC) and/or user equipment (UE) to measure own traffic volumes according to detection results; receiving traffic volume measurement event results and checking the type of events; when the type is 4A, determining normal users to be processed, controlling a base station and/or the RNC to stop sending data of normal users to be processed; and when the type is 4B, controlling the base station and/or the RNC to continue to send the data of the normal users to be processed. According to the data control method and the system, resources are saved for special users to call through stopping sending data of a certain normal user, and the network requirements of the special users can be satisfied when the networks are busy.