The invention discloses a micro-perforated curved plate sound absorption device for a ceiling and a skirt board of a high-speed train. The micro-perforated curved plate sound absorption device comprises side plates, and micro-perforated structural plates through which a plurality of holes or narrow slits penetrate, wherein the micro-perforated structural plates, the side plates and the ceiling or the skirt board of the high-speed train form a closed cavity. According to the structural characteristics of carriages of the high-speed train, on the premise that the train taking of passengers is not influenced, a sound absorption structure of a micro-perforated plate or a micro-slit plate is designed to be curved, and a limited space in the carriages is utilized to the greatest extent. According to the characteristics of the adjacent position structure and noise frequency distribution of the ceiling and the skirt board of the high-speed train, a curved micro-perforated sound absorption device replaces various conventional in-vehicle porous sound absorption materials, and pollution and harm to human health can be reduced on the premise of ensuring a sound absorption effect.