The invention relates to rail accessories, in particular to a rail fixing device with the function of vertical guidance. The rail fixing device comprises a base disposed on a sleeper. The base is fixedly connected with the sleeper through anchor bolts. The rail fixing device is characterized by further comprising a guide component and a vertical support element. The guide component comprises a guide element and a guide support located on two sides of a rail web of a steel rail. The transverse stiffness of the guide element is at least 120KN/mm. The guide element is tightly contacted with the steel rail at least from the top and bottom of the rail web of the steel rail and transversely limits the steel rail. The guide element is clamped by the guide support. Slide contact surfaces are arranged between the guide element and the guide support and are parallel to the vertical direction of the steel rail, and the guide element and the guide support can slide relative to each other along the vertical direction of the steel rail. The vertical support element is located below the steel rail and has elastic supporting capacity at least in the vertical direction of the steel rail. The guide component on two sides of the rail web is used for guiding, the vertical support element below the steel rail is used for supporting and power consuming, and accordingly stressing stability of the steel rail is improved effectively and the safety is better.