The invention relates to a double-chamber pulverized coal combustion device with a deep classification function. The double-chamber pulverized coal combustion device comprises a double-chamber pulverized coal spray nozzle (1). A dense-phase pulverized coal nozzle (2) and a thin-phase pulverized coal nozzle (3) are arranged on the double-chamber pulverized coal spray nozzle, a dense-phase spray nozzle (4) is mounted on the dense-phase pulverized coal nozzle, a thin-phase spray nozzle (5) is mounted on the thin-phase pulverized coal nozzle, three to ten pulverized coal separating devices (6) are mounted in a main pulverized coal channel on the double-chamber pulverized coal spray nozzle, and a flange (7) is mounted at one end of the main pulverized coal channel. The double-chamber pulverized coal combustion device has the advantages that by the double-chamber pulverized coal combustion device, problems of high nitrogen oxide emission load, severe coking and the like when certain coal is combusted by straight-through pulverized coal combustors which are applied to tangential firing arrangement power station boilers at present are solved, and the double-chamber pulverized coal combustion device is used as a combustion device with a classification function on a straight-through pulverized coal combustor for tangential firing arrangement.