Disclosed is a traction system for a motor train unit hybridly powered by an overhead contact system, a power pack and an energy storage device, which system mainly comprises a traction transformer, a power pack, an energy storage device, a traction convertor and a traction motor, wherein an overhead contact system is connected to a primary winding of the traction transformer via a pantograph; two secondary windings of the traction transformer are directly connected to the traction convertor; the traction convertor is connected to the traction motor; a diesel engine and a generator constitute the internal combustion power pack, and three phase outputs of the generator are directly connected to the traction convertor; and the energy storage device is connected to an intermediate DC bus of the traction convertor. The present invention can operate both on an electrified railway and a non-electrified railway, and can achieve self-rescue by means of the power supplied by the power pack and the energy storage device.