The invention discloses a production method for improving the surface quality of a thick-standard ship plate, and belongs to the technical field of structural steel for ships and ocean projects. The production method includes the technological processes of plate blank heating, coarse phosphorous removal, rolling through a 4300 rolling mill (finished phosphorous removal), ACC rapid cooling, sampling, detecting, storage and delivery. Proper technical parameters are controlled in the technology, the thickness standard is 18-50mm, and the production method is suitable for the ordinary-strength ship plate A/B/D, the high-strength ship plate A32/D32/E32 and the high-strength ship plate A36/D36/E36. The surface of the steel plate is black blue, a surface oxide scale is compact and firm, quality defects such as the coarse surface, the press-in oxide scale and pockmarks do not exist under irradiation of hard light, when mass production is carried out, the number of to-be-coped products and the number of products with the quality defects are greatly reduced compared with the number of to-be-coped products and the number of products with the quality defects of a conventional method, and the quality of steel plate entities obtains general consent of key users at home and abroad.