The invention discloses a mechanical pulse vibration exciter which comprises a bottom plate arranged horizontally. A ball screw is vertically arranged above the bottom plate, a servo motor is arranged below the bottom plate, the output shaft of the servo motor penetrates through the bottom plate to be connected with one end of the ball screw, and a primary impact body is arranged on the ball screw. Two slide impact rod supports are vertically arranged above the bottom plate, and a secondary impact body is arranged between the two slide impact rod supports, arranged above the primary impact body correspondingly, and connected with the slide impact rod supports through guide wheel mechanisms. Roller baffle mechanisms are symmetrically arranged below the bottom plate. Therefore, the mechanical pulse vibration exciter solves the problem that the existing vibration exciter has long data collection time, cannot collect frequencies with comprehensive structures, exciting force excited by an artificial force hammer is not uniform, and accuracy of detected signals is poor.