The invention provides a feeding system of a toothbrush bristle planting machine and relates to the field of toothbrush manufacture. The feeding system comprises a conveyor belt system, a separating and feeding system, a steering and turnover system and a grabbing and transfer system, wherein the conveyor belt system, the separating and feeding system, the steering and turnover system and the grabbing and transfer system are sequentially connected in the X direction. The conveyor belt system comprises a conveyor belt moving in the X direction, a conveyor belt driving device, a conveyor belt rack and a feeding bin arranged in the Z direction. The separating and feeding system comprises a feeding system, a separating system and a pair of side baffles. The side baffles are fixedly connected and are respectively parallel to a ZX plane. The steering and turnover system comprises a rack, a walking system, a steering system and a turnover system. The grabbing and transfer system comprises a support arranged in the Z direction, a beam arranged in the Y direction, a transfer system and a grabbing system. The feeding system further comprises a control system. In conclusion, a single toothbrush can be fed to the toothbrush bristle planting machine by the feeding system, it is effectively guaranteed that the position of a toothbrush handle of the toothbrush, the forward face and backward face of the toothbrush handle and the facing direction of a toothbrush head are uniform, and therefore the purpose that the bristle planting effect and the bristle planting speed of the toothbrush bristle planting machine are effectively guaranteed is achieved.