The invention provides an iron-containing raw material gas-based reduction and slagging process experiment method which comprises the steps of pressing a ground iron-containing raw material into a block which is taken as a sample; placing the sample in an environment of simulating gas-based reduction and slagging for performing a gas-based reduction experiment; meanwhile, recording weight loss and tail gas component data of the sample in a reduction process in real time; and after the gas-based reduction experiment is ended, performing a high-temperature slagging experiment on the sample, and preserving the sample in a high-temperature crustal structure by a water quenching method after dropping through high-temperature melting. According to the method, the problems that the existing experiment method and the existing device can not meet the process detection and later-period sampling requirements and the inconvenience is brought to the operation when the reducibility and the slagging characteristic of the iron-containing raw material are researched by adopting different equipment, and the like are solved, the method provided by the invention is creatively provided by combining with the case of closely relating to the gas-based reduction and slagging processes of the iron-containing raw material gas in a cohesive zone according to the principle that a blast furnace is a continuous production process for researching the influence rule of the reduction of the iron-containing raw material to slagging. The invention further provides an experiment device for realizing the method.