The invention discloses a method for obtaining a vehicle travel path and an OD (Origin-Destination) matrix in a statistic period. The method comprises the following steps: dividing traffic zones and roads in a certain road network area; placing a vehicle detecting device at an exist or an entrance behind each road section or combined road section to detect an unique identifier of a travelling vehicle; in the statistic period, collecting information of the vehicles travelling on the road without interruption by utilizing the vehicle detecting devices, and storing the information into a background database; extracting time and position data of each vehicle within the statistic period to obtain path information of the vehicle within the statistic period, and storing; obtaining the traffic zones, in which the origins and the destinations of the vehicles are located according to the path information, and comprehensively considering origins and destinations of all vehicles, so as to obtain the OD matrix within the counting period. According to the method disclosed by the invention, based on the vehicle identifiers, the vehicle travel path and the OD matrix are dynamically obtained and updated by various data excavating and fusing methods and an advanced computer real-time processing technology.