The invention discloses a robot simulated navigation method based on rat brain-hippocampal navigation, and belongs to the technical field of robot motion navigation. The method is characterized by that a robot CPU (Central Processing Unit) predefines a grid cell layer cell layer G and a place cell layer P by imitating rat brain and hippocampal tissues, motion information including a motion direction phi and a velocity v is collected when a robot explores an environment, the collected motion information is input into the grid cell layer, the motion information is integrated by using a shock interference model in the grid cell layer to form a grid cell layer response, a connection weight value W of the grid cell layer cell layer G and a place cell layer P is calculated by using a neural network algorithm to form a location cell-grid cell response network, and the robot perception for a space namely is stored in the form of a neural network response. The robot controls a motion decision module to implement motion decision-making according to space information stored in a cognitive map, and the navigation method disclosed by the invention independently obtains a better spatial cognitive effect during an exploration motion of the robot, and can be applied to industrial robots, service robots and the like.