The invention discloses a numerical control automated construction device for a large-scale geophysical prospecting test. The numerical control automated construction device comprises a horizontal guide rail which is fixed at the top end of a model test side wall, a double-beam gantry crane which moves on the horizontal guide rail in the direction of the guide rail, a 360-degree rotatable soil taking device, an anomalous body carrying device, and an integrated numerical control operation system which is used for achieving the functions of distance measurement, feedback and real-time display, wherein the 360-degree rotatable soil taking device and the anomalous body carrying device are mounted on the double-beam gantry crane. The double-beam gantry crane moves along the horizontal guide rail, and the 360-degree rotatable soil taking device moves along the double-beam gantry crane or moves vertically downwards. The numerical control automated construction device achieves the full-automatic quick three-dimensional accurate positioning excavation technology in soil of the large-scale geophysical prospecting test, replacing and repeating of materials and geologic abnormal bodies in the model test are achieved, and the advantages of being small in energy consumption, high in efficiency, high in operability, high in safety and the like are achieved.