The invention discloses a method for controlling a liquid to generate Benard convection. The method comprises the following steps of filling the liquid in a reaction container, and sealing the reaction container, wherein the reaction container is provided with a pair of heat conducting surfaces, the rest of surfaces do not have a heat conducting function, the reaction container is internally provided with positive and negative electrode electric rods, and the positive and negative electrode electric rods are electrically connected with a pulsed electric field generator; keeping the constant frequency value of the pulsed electric field generator, and regulating the temperature difference values between the pair of heat conducting surfaces of the reaction container to calculate the temperature difference value so as to obtain a Benard convection phenomenon of the liquid; or keeping the constant temperature of the pair of heat conducting surfaces of the reaction container, and regulating a frequency value of the pulsed electric field generator so as to obtain the Benard convection phenomenon of the liquid. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the size of an experimental device is effectively reduced, the accuracy control is achieved, the defect of poor reproducibility of the previous experiment is overcome, and the research precision of the Benard convection in weather prognosis, frozen earth research, bioengineering technical field and other fields is improved.