The invention discloses a general high speed bus device for a distribution terminal and a data interaction method. A master module and a submodule have physical interfaces and medium access control interaction modules; the master module is connected to the submodule through the physical interfaces; the data of the master module and the submodule is transmitted to the medium access control interaction modules of counter parties through the physical interfaces; the medium access control interaction modules can be realized through programmable ASIC devices; the submodule transmits the collected data which is processed by the medium access control interaction module of the submodule to the medium access control interaction module of the master module through the physical interfaces; the data which is processed by the medium access control interaction module of the master module is transmitted to the medium access control interaction module of the submodule through the physical interfaces. The invention has good openness, stability and expandability, can realize function module exchange of different factories, greatly reduce the operation and maintenance difficulties of the distribution terminal and improve operation and maintenance level of the distribution terminal.