The invention discloses a blisk single-face/double-face laser shock peening light path system, and belongs to the field of blisk laser shock peening. Four light paths are composed by a light table, a numerical control sliding table, numerical control rotary tables, reflectors, focus lenses, dodging lenses, swing arms, energy meters, a protective plate, a protective cover, a light guide tube and the like. Any one of the four light paths can be manually/automatically selected to work, and the second light path and the fourth light path can be selected to work simultaneously. The first light path and the third light path are focusing light paths, and when laser beams with the diameters being less than 27 mm are input, output laser spots are uniform-light-intensity round light spots with the diameters being 2 mm-5 mm; the second light path and the fourth light path are dodging light paths, and when the laser beams with the diameters being less than 27 mm are input, uniform-light-intensity square light spots with the side lengths being 2 mm-5 mm are output. The blisk single-face/double-face laser shock peening light path system is simple in structure; when the blisk single-face/double-face laser shock peening light path system is used, production efficiency is improved, and uniformity and stability of laser shock peening quality are guaranteed.