The invention discloses an AGC unit real-time scheduling method based on an effective static security domain. The method is based on Preemptive Goal Programming and static security domain analysis, and a multi-target real-time scheduling model which takes AGC unit running base points and participation factors as decision variables is built. The model is provided with two layers of targets, the first layer aims at maximizing system disturbance stabilizing capability, that is, the coincidence range (the effective static security domain) of the static security domain and a node disturbance domain) in system running is maximized, and the second layer aims at minimizing system power generation cost and standby cost. According to the method, AGC unit running base points and the participation factors are set, the two layers of targets of the model have the clear rank order, on the premise of ensuring the running safety of a power grid, the real-time scheduling method improves the system economical efficiency, and it is of quite importance value and significance in the real-time scheduling.