The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted terminal of a snow removal vehicle and a monitoring and dispatching system. The vehicle-mounted terminal comprises a main controller, a man-machine interaction module, a positioning module, a wireless communication module, a CAN bus, an electrical control module, a vehicle situation detection module and a camera shooting module; the man-machine interaction module is used for receiving a command message and a processing message fed back to the vehicle-mounted terminal; the positioning module is used for positioning the position of the snow removal vehicle; the wireless communication module is used for exchanging a message with the outer world; the CAN bus is connected with the main controller and used for collecting the received messages and transmitting the messages to the main controller. The messages collected by the camera shooting module, the electrical control module and the vehicle situation detection module are received by the CAN bus in a unified mode, then the system can be set up conveniently, then the messages are transmitted to a monitoring and dispatching server through the wireless communication module, then a dispatching command is received from the monitoring and dispatching server to achieve the real-time performance of dispatching, and the snow removal effect is observed through video messages so as to ensure the good snow removal effect.