The invention discloses a method for obtaining anthurium haplobionts and belongs to the technical field of genetic breeding of flowers and plants. The method includes the steps that (1) culture mediums are prepared; (2) inflorescences are selected, pretreated at low temperature and disinfected; (3) callus is induced; (4) proliferation culture is performed; (5) differentiation culture is performed; (6) rooting culture is performed; (7) seedlings are transplanted and hardened; (8) chromosomes are identified; (9) haploid propagation is performed. After the anthurium inflorescences are pretreated at the low temperature from 5 DEG C to 8 DEG C for 24 h to 72 h, the acquisition rate of sterile anthers and the induction rate of effective callus can be remarkably increased, and thus anthurium haplobionts can be effectively obtained; the operation method is easy and convenient to perform, the anthurium haplobionts can be used for further breeding a new variety of anthurium as the breeding material, and the breeding cycle is shortened.