The invention discloses a vertical drilling tool for drilling a well through a drilling method and belongs to the technical field of well drilling machines. The vertical drilling tool is invented for improving the rock breaking efficiency of a drill bit and increasing the drilling speed of a drilling machine. The vertical drilling tool for drilling the well through the drilling method comprises an autonomous centering guider, a pressurizing and propelling hydraulic cylinder and a 50-degree well base angle drill bit, wherein the pressurizing and propelling hydraulic cylinder is installed between the autonomous centering guider and the 50-degree well base angle drill bit. The vertical drilling tool is suitable for drilling the well through the drilling method.