The invention relates to a method for controlling the displacement of tower columns through cross braces and external cables. The method includes the following steps that (1) a construction platform is arranged at the corresponding construction position of one middle tower column; (2) cross brace steel tubes are symmetrically arranged at the solid position of the inner side of a tower body, and jacks are used for pushing the steel tubes to be fixed; (3) steel strands are tensioned at the corresponding positions of the middle tower column; (4) in the pouring process of an upper cross beam, combined with the stress analysis and on-site monitoring data of the working condition, according to the load displacement condition of the tower body, external steel strands are tensioned in a classification mode; (5) after the upper cross beam is subjected to pouring construction, the counter-pulling steel strands, the cross braces and the construction platform are removed. The method for controlling the displacement of the tower columns through the cross braces and the external cables has the advantages that various working conditions are analyzed, the tower columns are tensioned in a classification mode through the external steel strands, and accordingly the displacement of the tower body can be controlled within an allowed range all the time under the action of various loads. After the engineering is completed, timely removing can be achieved, the method does not participate in permanent work stress, and the body structure of each tower column cannot be affected. The method is simple in structure, clear and definite in stress, convenient to use, economical and practical.