The invention discloses a track circuit signal collecting system, which comprises a track circuit signal collecting unit, an A/D (analog to digital) conversion module, a DMA (direct memory access) transmission module, a frequency shift demodulation module, a memory, a data transmission module and a data processing module, wherein data address inquiry signal work partitions in circuit work state detection signals are respectively detected out through the data processing module, so whether the states of the work partitions have faults or not is judged. A detection system provided by the invention can be used for monitoring whether railway signals and railway equipment are normal or not in real time. Through collecting data such as current in cables and steel-clad copper wires on a railway, rail surface and cable voltage, and temperature and humidity of railway equipment, the operation state of each partition of the railway can be mastered at any time, the work state of each partition is qualitatively analyzed, and the possibly generated faults can be eliminated in advance. When the faults occur, the faults can be positioned in specific intervals and equipment according to monitoring signals, and great convenience is brought for fault elimination.