The invention discloses a smoke mud and ash scraping device for a heat pipe of an air preheater of a heating furnace. The smoke mud and ash scraping device comprises a supporting seat, wherein a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the supporting seat, and a support is arranged on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder; an ash scraping ring capable scraping smoke mud and ash on the outer surface of a smoke section of the heat pipe when longitudinally sliding along the heat pipe is arranged on the support, and comprises a ring body formed by compression molding, and an inner cavity corresponding to the shape of the cross section of the smoke section of the heat pipe is arranged on the ring body; bristles for scraping smoke mud and ash are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring body. The smoke section of the heat pipe is coated with the ash scraping ring, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the support and the ash scraping ring to move up and down, and the bristles on the ash scraping ring can scrap the smoke mud and ash on the heat pipe into an ash hopper. The smoke mud and ash are scraped by a mechanical method, the scraping force is strong, the clearing range is large, the heat pipe has less scale and is corrosion resistant, and the good heat transfer capability of the air preheater can be kept in the operating lifetime.