The invention discloses a self-protected under-pressure leakage plugging device and a method for rushing to repair a pipeline by using the self-protected under-pressure leakage plugging device, and relates to a pipeline leakage plugging device, in particular to a leakage plugging plate and a clamp for plugging leakage of a gas pipeline, as well as a rushing-to-repair method, and aims to provide a self-protected under-pressure leakage plugging device which is simple in structure, low in cost, simple and convenient to operate, high in environment adaption property and high in leakage plugging sealing property, does not need to stop pipeline conveying and can ensure the hooping force. The self-protected under-pressure leakage plugging device comprises a clamp (2), a leakage plugging plate (3) and a chain (4), wherein the clamp (2) is used for hooping the leakage plugging plate (3) through the chain (4) on a pipeline (1); the clamp (2) is used for tightening the chain (4) by virtue of a screw rod structure; the pressure at a leakage part of the pipeline (1) to the leakage plugging plate (3) is reduced by virtue of a ball locking structure.