The invention discloses a positioning method based on a linear landmark. Because the linear landmark of the road has universality, the actual application cost is effectively saved. The invention provides a linear landmark area positioning method based on Adaboost. The method comprises the following steps: extracting linear information of a linear landmark frame in a pixel coordinate system in the image and linear information of a real linear landmark frame in a linear landmark coordinate system, enabling the lines of the frames under two coordinate systems to be correspondingly equal, solving a conversion relationship between the pixel coordinate system and the linear landmark coordinate system, thereby obtaining the position of a user in a geodetic coordinate system. Therefore, the detection precision is improved.