The invention discloses a modular multilevel converter control method based on carrier disposition modulation. The modular multilevel converter control method specifically comprises the steps of generating a corresponding original modulation signal from modulating wave and triangle carrier by use of a carrier disposition modulation strategy, determining modules corresponding to a maximum capacitance voltage value and a minimum capacitance voltage value, respectively, by detecting the capacitance voltage of each bridge arm submodule, and finally, switching modulating signals corresponding to the corresponding modules according to a certain rule, thereby achieving the balance between the capacitance voltages of the various submodules. The modular multilevel converter control method based on carrier disposition modulation is capable of realizing the balance between the capacitance voltages of the various submodules without extra on-off action.