The invention discloses a heat insulation and preservation structure of a hot plate welding mold. The heat insulation and preservation structure comprises a heat insulation aluminum foil, heat insulation asbestos and an outer protective layer, wherein the heat insulation aluminum foil is tightly attached to the non-working part of a hot mold of the hot plate welding mold; the heat insulation asbestos coats the non-working part of the hot mold of the hot plate welding mold; and the outer protective layer is fixedly arranged on the non-working part of the hot mold of the hot plate welding mold by virtue of rivets. According to the heat insulation and preservation layer disclosed by the invention, the hot mold part of the hot plate welding mold is protected to the greatest degree under the action of the heat insulation and preservation layer under the condition that the normal operation of the hot plate welding mold is not influenced; and because heat can be continuously dissipated in air convection and heat radiation forms, the hot plate welding mold can be rapidly heated and slowly cooled, the temperature is easily maintained in a stable range, the workload of a thermocouple is greatly reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced. Moreover, the temperature of the exposed non-working part of the hot mold of the hot plate welding mold is reduced to more than 100 DEG C, and the risk that an operator is scalded is greatly reduced.