The invention provides a method for replacing a corn steep liquor component in a corynebacterium crenatum fermentation culture medium by yeast powder for fermentation so as to improve L-arginine production capacity, and belongs to the field of biotechnologies. The influences of the yeast powder and the corn steep liquor with different concentrations on the growth of corynebacterium crenatum and the accumulation of L-arginine are inspected respectively, the optimum adding concentration of the corn steep liquor is 25g/L, the optimum adding concentration of the yeast powder is 10g/L, after fermenting is performed for 96h, compared with the adding and fermentation of the corn steep liquor, the L-arginine yield of the yeast powder is increased by 29.5%, the biomass is reduced by 8.5%, the L-arginine yield of the unit thallus is increased by 40.8%, and the accumulation of L-arginine is promoted by replacing the corn steep liquor by the yeast powder. Meanwhile, because the yeast powder ingredient is relatively stable, the difference of the L-arginine yields is low in case of different batches of fermentation. Therefore, the method of replacing the corn steep liquor by the yeast powder for fermentation has important significance for fermentation characteristic studies on L-arginine production strains and industrialized production for L-arginine.